The microbial nitrogen cycle
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
The microbial nitrogen cycle
Nitrogen (N) is an essential element in biological systems and one that often limits production in both aquatic and terrestrial systems. Due to its requirement in biological macromolecules, its acquisition and cycling have the potential to structure microbial communities, as well as to control productivity on the ecosystem scale. In addition, its versatile redox chemistry is the basis of comple...
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The geobiology of nitrogen is dominated by large inert reservoirs and small biological fluxes. The largest reservoirs are nitrogen gas (in the atmosphere and dissolved in the ocean) and sedimentary nitrogen (sequestered in continental crust). Because most organisms cannot utilize gaseous nitrogen, we distinguish between fixed nitrogen compounds (which contain no N–N bonds) that are biologically...
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Nitrogen is the fourth most abundant element in cellular biomass, and it comprises the majority of Earth's atmosphere. The interchange between inert dinitrogen gas (N2) in the extant atmosphere and 'reactive nitrogen' (those nitrogen compounds that support, or are products of, cellular metabolism and growth) is entirely controlled by microbial activities. This was not the case, however, in the ...
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pathways in sequenced Chlorobi are examined. Finally, the latest developments in microbial pathways for the degradation of DMSP, an extremely important component of the marine sulfur cycle are summarized. Three research articles focus on the regulation of sulfur oxidation genes in the purple sulfur bacterium Allochromatium vinosum, growth on tetrathionate vs. S(0) in Acidithiobacillus caldus an...
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The microbial nitrogen (N) cycle involves a variety of redox processes that control the availability and speciation of N in the environment and that are involved with the production of nitrous oxide (N(2)O), a climatically important greenhouse gas. Isotopic measurements of ammonium (NH(+) (4)), nitrite (NO(-) (2)), nitrate (NO(-) (3)), and N(2)O can now be used to track the cycling of these com...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Frontiers in Microbiology
سال: 2014
ISSN: 1664-302X
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00553